在氢环境中钢的应变速率效应

从静态、准静态直到冲击的应变速率范围内(.ε=10-7~103sec-1),研究了在氢环境中应变速率对10钢力学性能的影响。结果表明:对于10钢,应变速率在3.33×10-3~3.33×10-6sec-1范围,氢的影响最明显,随着应变速率的提高或降低,氢的影响逐渐减弱;对于渗氢和未渗氢试样,应变速率在10-4~103sec-1范围内,屈服应力都随着应变速率的增加而增加,在.ε<6.0×102sec-1区域Ⅰ内流动应力与应变速率呈线性关系,在.ε>6.0×102sec-1区域Ⅱ内流动应力对应变速率十分敏感。与准静态时相比较,高应变速率下未渗氢试样的流动应力增加了1.1倍,而渗氢试样则增加了1.5倍。文中给出了可以精确描述10钢在高应变速率下渗氢与未渗氢试样的应力应变关系表达式。     

微机电陀螺零点漂移数据滤波方法的研究

微机电石英音叉陀螺虽然有突出的优点，但也存在噪声比较大的缺点。普通的数字滤波方法通常会造成比较大的滞后，减小了系统的相位裕度，而且对截止频率以内的噪声不起作用。作者在对石英音叉陀螺零点漂移数据建立时间序列模型（AR模型）的基础上，采用卡尔曼滤波算法对石英音叉陀螺的漂移数据进行了处理。仿真实验表明，所采用的滤波方法合理有效。     

剪切水-气界面下湍流猝发特征的实验研究

利用氢气泡时间线-脉线组合示踪技术定量地考察剪切水-气界面下的湍流猝发现象，分析 猝发事件的信号特征，重点探讨猝发与湍能产生之间的联系. 在猝发过程中，水面近区的瞬 时流速和Reynolds切应力出现较大幅度的脉动，它们在时间和空间垂直方向上表现出高度 的相干性，这是猝发事件的一个显著特征. 在猝发期，猝发事件涉及的空间区域内Reynolds 切应力和湍流脉动强度明显比平均值和非猝发期的情况大. 其结果表明：在所考察的实验 条件下，猝发是剪切水-气界面附近湍流产生的主要过程.     

CrN镀层的微粒磨损性能及其切削行为研究

在Teer UDP 550型闭合场非平衡磁控溅射离子镀设备上制备CrN镀层,以球-盘方法测定的比磨损率和微粒磨损法测定的微粒磨损率评价CrN镀层的耐磨性能,采用高速钢镀层钻头的钻孔数评价镀层的切削性能.结果表明,CrN镀层的微粒磨损率对氮流量(用光谱发射因子OEM值控制)的变化很敏感,而比磨损率却不能反映这种由于氮流量变化带来的镀层结构和性能的变化.在不同偏压条件下所制备的镀层微粒磨损率变化不明显.当微粒磨损率低于某一值时,CrN镀层的钻孔寿命明显提高,而比磨损率则无此规律.     

爆炸作用数值模拟

采用简单的炸药化学反应率方程，利用二维流体弹塑性流动程序，对一个变直径铜壳中装药的爆炸作用做了数值模拟。     

Shear Failure of Inconel 718 under Dynamic Loads

Kinetics of deformation and fracture of nickel–iron alloy Inconel 718 under dynamic shear loading was measured using a split torsional Hopkinson bar facility and high-speed photography. Tubular specimens with a reduced gage length and a starter notch were sheared at strain rates up to 6 × 10³ s⁻¹. High-speed photographs of fiducial lines scribed on the specimen surface showed the development of local strains and cracking. This paper describes the experimental and analytical procedures, illustrates average and local plastic strain evolution, and presents shear crack initiation times and propagation speeds.     

Drying of porous oil shales

Rate processes including change of phase are modelled analytically for a half-space porous substance exposed to a jump in external temperature. The model predicts, in a closed form, the pressure build-up and the rate of evaporation of volatiles from a porous matrix. It assumes two distinct regions separated by a moving interface where the change of phase takes place. One region maintains its initial concentration of volatiles while the second is devoid of volatiles. Different thermophysical properties are considered for the two regions. The model was applied for the evaporation of moisture from oil-shale. Results are given in a parametric form     

船用气水分离器惯性级流场分析及阻力特性研究

采用二阶全展开ETG有限元与大涡模拟（LES）相结合的算法，对120－20－35－3型船用气水分离器惯性级在不同雷诺数条下的流动进行了模拟，通过其中一组雷诺数条件下计算所得该实验件阻力系数与物理实验所得阻力系数相比较，确定出该雷诺数条件下采用大涡模拟时所需的亚格子应力模型常数，将该常数带入其它各组雷诺数条件下的计算中，并将计算结果与相同条件下的物理实验结果相比较，证实了该常数的通用性。该常数一经确定，对各雷诺数条件下的流场进行分析，结果反映出采用二阶全展开ETG有限元与大涡模拟（LES）相结合的算法可以捕捉到非常丰富的涡系及涡动的时变过程。在流场分析的基础上本文计算了该实验件内的能耗场，计算结果表明实验件内的能耗主要集中在大涡丰富的区段内。     

Attractors for Second-Order Evolution Equations with a Nonlinear Damping

We study long-time dynamics of abstract nonlinear second-order evolution equations with a nonlinear damping. Under suitable hypotheses we prove existence of a compact global attractor and finiteness of its fractal dimension. We also show that any solution is stabilized to an equilibrium and estimate the rate of the convergence which, in turn, depends on the behaviour at the origin of the function describing the dissipation. If the damping is bounded below by a linear function, this rate is exponential. Our approach is based on far reaching generalizations of the Ceron–Lopes theorem on asymptotic compactness and Ladyzhenskayas theorem on the dimension of invariant sets. An application of our results to nonlinear damped wave and plate equations allow us to obtain new results pertaining to structure and properties of global attractors for nonlinear waves and plates.